お名前.comでVPS+nginx+PHP7+phpMyAdminの設定1

お名前.comでVPS+nginx+PHP7+MariaDB+WordPressでサイト構築に続き、phpMyAdminの設定を行います。

phpMyAdmin

インストール

phpMyAdminの最新バージョンを/usr/share/nginxにダウンロードして、解凍します。

# cd /usr/share/nginx
# wget https://files.phpmyadmin.net/phpMyAdmin/4.9.1/phpMyAdmin-4.9.1-all-languages.tar.gz
# tar -zxvf phpMyAdmin-4.9.1-all-languages.tar.gz

ディレクトリ名と所有者:グループを変更

# mv phpMyAdmin-4.9.1-all-languages phpMyAdmin
# chown -R nginx:nginx phpMyAdmin

phpMyAdminの設定

phpMyAdmin用nginxの設定ファイルを作成(ポート1111での接続のみとする)

# cd /etc/nginx/conf.d
# vim phpMyAdmin.conf
+++++++++以下、修正箇所だけ+++++++++
server {
  listen 1111;
  server_name phpmyadmin.hoge.com;
  root /usr/share/nginx/phpMyAdmin;
  index index.php;
  location ~ \.php$ {
  auth_basic "Authentication";
  auth_basic_user_file /usr/share/nginx/.htpasswd;
    fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
    fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
    include fastcgi_params;
  }
}

firewallで1111のポートをあける。

# firewall-cmd --add-port=1111/tcp --zone=public --permanent
# firewall-cmd --reload
+++++++++開けたポートの確認+++++++++
# firewall-cmd --list-ports --zone=public

Basic認証用の.htpasswdを設定します。(IDがhogehogeuserの例)

# touch /usr/share/nginx/.htpasswd
# chown nginx:nginx /usr/share/nginx/.htpasswd
# htpasswd /usr/share/nginx/.htpasswd hogehogeuser
New password:
Re-type new password:

nginxの再起動

# systemctl restart nginx

以上の設定で、http://phpmyadmin.hoge.com:1111にアクセスすると、phpMyAdminの画面になります。

エラー対応

この段階で、「Error during session start; please check your PHP and/or webserver log file and configure your PHP installation properly. Also ensure that cookies are enabled in your browser.」というエラーが表示されている場合は、Sessionを保存するためのディレクトリのパーミッション設定が間違っている可能性があります。

# cd /var/lib/php
# chown nginx:nginx session

また、大きめのサイズのsqlファイルをアップロードした際に、「413 Request Entity Too Large」というエラーメッセージが出ることがあります。

デフォルトでは2Mまでなので、nginx.confのhttp, server,locationのどこかに、client_max_body_sizeでアップロードできるサイズ上限を設定してください。

# cd /etc/nginx
# cp -p nginx.conf nginx.conf_20170518
# vim nginx.conf

+++++++++以下、修正箇所だけ+++++++++

http {   
client_max_body_size 128M; //追加
  log_format main.....
...
}

この設定を行っても、ファイルサイズが大きすぎてアップロードできないと表示される場合には、/etc/php.iniファイルの設定を変更してください。

# cd /etc/
# vim php.ini

修正箇所

;ファイルアップロードの上限サイズを変更
post_max_size = 128M
upload_max_filesize = 128M

nginxの再起動

# systemctl restart nginx

【補足】vsftpdのインストール

実際は必要が無くなったのでこれは設定しなくなりました。

インストールと設定

# yum -y install vsftpd
# cd /etc/vsftpd
# cp -p vsftpd.conf vsftpd.conf_20170508
# vim vsftpd.conf

+++++++++以下、ファイル内容+++++++++

# Example config file /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf
#
# The default compiled in settings are fairly paranoid. This sample file
# loosens things up a bit, to make the ftp daemon more usable.
# READ THIS: This example file is NOT an exhaustive list of vsftpd options.
# Please read the vsftpd.conf.5 manual page to get a full idea of vsftpd's
# capabilities.
#
# Allow anonymous FTP? (Beware - allowed by default if you comment this out).
anonymous_enable=NO //変更
#
# Uncomment this to allow local users to log in.
# When SELinux is enforcing check for SE bool ftp_home_dir
local_enable=YES
#
# Uncomment this to enable any form of FTP write command.
write_enable=YES
#
# Default umask for local users is 077. You may wish to change this to 022,
# if your users expect that (022 is used by most other ftpd's)
local_umask=002 //変更
#
# Uncomment this to allow the anonymous FTP user to upload files. This only
# has an effect if the above global write enable is activated. Also, you will
# obviously need to create a directory writable by the FTP user.
#anon_upload_enable=YES
#
# Uncomment this if you want the anonymous FTP user to be able to create
# new directories.
#anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES
#
# Activate directory messages - messages given to remote users when they
# go into a certain directory.
dirmessage_enable=YES
#
# Activate logging of uploads/downloads.
xferlog_enable=YES
#
# Make sure PORT transfer connections originate from port 20 (ftp-data).
connect_from_port_20=YES
#
# If you want, you can arrange for uploaded anonymous files to be owned by
# a different user. Note! Using "root" for uploaded files is not
# recommended!
#chown_uploads=YES
#chown_username=whoever
#
# You may override where the log file goes if you like. The default is shown
# below.
xferlog_file=/var/log/vsftpd.log //変更
#
# If you want, you can have your log file in standard ftpd xferlog format.
# Note that the default log file location is /var/log/xferlog in this case.
xferlog_std_format=NO //変更
#
# You may change the default value for timing out an idle session.
#idle_session_timeout=600
#
# You may change the default value for timing out a data connection.
#data_connection_timeout=120
#
# It is recommended that you define on your system a unique user which the
# ftp server can use as a totally isolated and unprivileged user.
#nopriv_user=ftpsecure
#
# Enable this and the server will recognise asynchronous ABOR requests. Not
# recommended for security (the code is non-trivial). Not enabling it,
# however, may confuse older FTP clients.
#async_abor_enable=YES
#
# By default the server will pretend to allow ASCII mode but in fact ignore
# the request. Turn on the below options to have the server actually do ASCII
# mangling on files when in ASCII mode.
# Beware that on some FTP servers, ASCII support allows a denial of service
# attack (DoS) via the command "SIZE /big/file" in ASCII mode. vsftpd
# predicted this attack and has always been safe, reporting the size of the
# raw file.
# ASCII mangling is a horrible feature of the protocol.
ascii_upload_enable=YES //変更
ascii_download_enable=YES //変更
#
# You may fully customise the login banner string:
ftpd_banner=Welcome to blah FTP service. //変更
#
# You may specify a file of disallowed anonymous e-mail addresses. Apparently
# useful for combatting certain DoS attacks.
#deny_email_enable=YES
# (default follows)
#banned_email_file=/etc/vsftpd/banned_emails
#
# You may specify an explicit list of local users to chroot() to their home
# directory. If chroot_local_user is YES, then this list becomes a list of
# users to NOT chroot().
# (Warning! chroot'ing can be very dangerous. If using chroot, make sure that
# the user does not have write access to the top level directory within the
# chroot)
#chroot_local_user=YES
#chroot_list_enable=YES
# (default follows)
#chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd/chroot_list
#
# You may activate the "-R" option to the builtin ls. This is disabled by
# default to avoid remote users being able to cause excessive I/O on large
# sites. However, some broken FTP clients such as "ncftp" and "mirror" assume
# the presence of the "-R" option, so there is a strong case for enabling it.
ls_recurse_enable=YES //変更
#
# When "listen" directive is enabled, vsftpd runs in standalone mode and
# listens on IPv4 sockets. This directive cannot be used in conjunction
# with the listen_ipv6 directive.
listen=NO
#
# This directive enables listening on IPv6 sockets. By default, listening
# on the IPv6 "any" address (::) will accept connections from both IPv6
# and IPv4 clients. It is not necessary to listen on *both* IPv4 and IPv6
# sockets. If you want that (perhaps because you want to listen on specific
# addresses) then you must run two copies of vsftpd with two configuration
# files.
# Make sure, that one of the listen options is commented !!
listen_ipv6=YES

pam_service_name=vsftpd
userlist_enable=YES
tcp_wrappers=YES

#以下追記
use_localtime=YES
pasv_addr_resolve=YES
pasv_min_port=60000
pasv_max_port=60030
force_dot_files=YES
seccomp_sandbox=NO
allow_writeable_chroot=YES
userlist_deny=NO
user_config_dir=/etc/vsftpd/vsftpd_user_conf

ユーザーリストにユーザー追加
/etc/vsftpd/user_listファイルにFTP接続許可したいユーザー名を登録

# vim user_list

+++++++++以下、ユーザー名hogehogeを追加+++++++++

...
games
nobody
hogehoge

hogehogeユーザーがアクセスしたときの設定を書くときには、(例:アクセスしたときに/usr/share/nginx/を開くように設定)

# vim hogehoge

+++++++++以下、ユーザー名hogehogeの設定を追加+++++++++

local_root=/usr/share/nginx/

vsftpd起動と自動起動設定

# systemctl start vsftpd
# systemctl enable vsftpd

firewallでftpが使えるかを確認

# firewall-cmd --list-all

ftpが使えていない場合は、

# firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-service=ftp --permanent
# firewall-cmd --reload

エラー対応

この設定で、WordPressのプラグインをFTP(アカウントhogehoge)からアップロードすると、そのディレクトリの所有者:グループは、hogehoge:hogehogeとなってしまう。

このままでは、WordPressの管理画面からアップロードしたプラグインを更新したときに、エラーが出てしまうので、wp-content以下の所有者:グループをnginx:hogehogeにし、グループhogehogeにユーザーnginx を追加する。

# cd /usr/share/nginx/hogehoge.com
# chown -R nginx:hogehoge wp-content
# chmod -R 774 wp-content
# usermod -aG hogehoge nginx